Fedora Core下声卡驱动全功略-红联Linux系统门户

　　1.了解你的声卡

　　声卡如同计算机的喉舌和耳朵，负责计算机音频的输入、信号转换、输出的工作，有了声卡，我们才能通过电脑欣赏美妙的音乐，才能对着话筒怒吼。99年后，随着计算机的进一步发展，声卡已经由独立的板卡变为PC主板上的一部分，而且声卡已经由独立的DSP芯片模块组变为了一颗小小的dsp信号I/O codec，而原来DSP的处理工作就移交给CPU完成，所以一般我们集成主板的dsp就称为“软声卡”，这类声卡工作时的系统开销比较大，甚至会严重影响系统速度。

　　关于AC97

　　AC'97是Audio Codec'97的缩写，它所定义的是一种在主流PC中实现音频特性的方法，后来又扩展了实现Modem的功能。AC'97利用核心芯片组的功能和外围的模拟设备共同实现音频卡/Modem的功能。目前主要有三种AC'97设备：

　　Audio Codec，通常缩写为AC'97或AC；

　　Modem Codec，通常缩写为MC'97或MC；

　　Audio/Modem合成Codec，通常缩写为AMC'97或AM

　　AC97只是一种规范，不是声卡的名称，并不是说不符合AC97规范的就不是好声卡，比如SoundBlaster AWE这样的古董级ISA声卡，其性能指标在现在也是非常了得；而像MAYA等专业级声卡也不符合AC97的规范。

　　AC97也不是软声卡的代名词，YAMAHA的YMF724、744、创新的CT5880（PCI128）、SB live系列、FortMedia FM801等性能极佳的“硬”声卡，也符合AC97规范

　　你的声卡是什么？

　　我们要如何知道我们主板上的声卡是什么呢？方法很简单，在linux的终端下，运行lspci | grep audio，比如我的机器运行命令后得出结果：

　　00：0b.0 Multimedia audio controller： Yamaha Corporation YMF-724F [DS-1 Audio Controller] （rev 03）

　　很明显，这是一块YAMAHA的YMF724声卡

　　如果是一块AC97的“软声卡”呢？

　　比如我在一块KT333主板上测试：

　　00：11.5 Multimedia audio controller： VIA Technologies， Inc. VT8233/A/8235 AC97 Audio Controller （rev 50）

　　主板上的AC97 codec为瑞昱的ALC650，而系统直接给出了南桥芯片的型号，这样更验证了AC97 codec并不是一块独立运行的DSP芯片模块，此时我们选择声卡驱动，应以主板南桥为基准：http://www.linuxsir.org/bbs/showthread.php？s=&threadid=76509

　　2、通过简单设置在fedora下让你的声卡发声

　　想检测并启动声卡，安装后就会有一个向导做指示，多数朋友就可以使自己的声卡工作了，这个图形界面的配置程序在系统设置－声卡检测中

　　如果你需要一个文本界面的声卡检测软件，可以下载：

　　http://mirrors.kernel.org/fedora/cor……70-2.i386.rpm

　　并安装上，这样在终端下输入sndconfig就可以检测声卡了。如果你的声卡是ISA的，还需要手动分配IRQ等主板资源。

　　如果这样还不行？

　　如果声卡检测程序不能正常检测你的声卡或不能使用，此时应该了解一下你的声卡是否已经接好，音频线联接是否正确。如果确认以上的情况都正常，那你需要上Redhat官方网站了解一下你的声卡是否被支持：http://hardware.redhat.com/hcl/

　　另一方案：官方驱动（未测试）

　　首先你必须确认你已经装了内核源码（即内核开发软件包集合）

　　如果你的主板AC97 codec为CMI9738/9739，且内核内建驱动不能运行的朋友，可以下载驱动：

　　http://www.cmedia.com.tw/driver/Linu……dio-041.tar.gz

　　解压，命令终端中进入驱动目录，里面有Readme.txt说明，先运行modprobe soundcore

　　然后

　　make

　　make install

　　如果成功，安装就完成了，此时还要修改/etc/modules.conf

　　alias sound-slot-0 cmaudio

　　post-install sound-slot-0 /bin/aumix-minimal -f /etc/.aumixrc -L >/dev/null 2>&1 || ：

　　pre-remove sound-slot-0 /bin/aumix-minimal -f /etc/.aumixrc -S >/dev/null 2>&1 || ：

　　重启计算机后就可使用。

　　VIA AC97combo for Linux驱动

　　如果你的主板是VIA的主板，

　　http://downloads.viaarena.com/driver……o-2.3-1.tar.gz

　　下载后解压，进入驱动目录里会有一个viaudiocombo-2.3-1.src.rpm

　　运行rpmbuild ----rebuild viaudiocombo-2.3-1.src.rpm

　　成功的话二进制rpm文件会在/usr/src/redhat/RPMS/i386里，安装后便可直接使用。

　　Aureal AU8820（帝盟S90）驱动

　　看看这里的方法：http://www.linuxfans.org/nuke/module……ninfo&did=1611

　　注意！：如果内核声卡驱动已经加载并已经可以正常使用，官方驱动很可能根本无须安装，也无法安装。

　　以上方法如果都无法驱动你的声卡，您还有两种选择：一是花几十元买一块像YMF724、744、FM801、CM8738那样的声卡，Linux环境下支持绝对没问题，而且占用主板资源远小于AC97 codec，二就是花4元钱买一张D版的windows安装盘（我推荐您花1XXX元买正版，利国利民），不再指望用Linux听音乐。

　　3、一些小技巧

　　1，不支持多分频流怎么办？

　　答：内核驱动不能很好的支持多分频流，但是只要我们用esound等声音进程，也可以使用多分频。

　　XMMS下菜单－选项－首选项－音频输入输出插件中，输出插件选esound输出插件就可以了。

　　Gaim下，首选项－声音－声音方式改为ESD.

　　注意：MPlayer不能很好支持esound，还是使用OSS的模块好些

　　2，如果KDE下没有声音，可能是KDE的arts占用了声卡资源。可以先在控制中心－声音系统中关闭arts声音系统，并运行如下命令：

　　killall artsd

　　esd &

　　这样在KDE环境下也能用esound了。

　　3、XMMS不能播放音乐（MP3）

　　这是个头疼的问题，如果你声卡检测正常通过，却不能播放MP3.不过这并不是声卡或系统的问题，你可以下载一个新版本的xmms：http://www.xmms.org/files/1.2.x/rpm/……2.8-1.i386.rpm

　　先把旧版的卸载了，rpm -e ----nodeps xmms

　　再安装新的。

　　如果你有一块ALS4000这样的声卡呢？恐怕我们要出动ALSA了。

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