ºìÁªLinuxÃÅ»§
Linux°ïÖú

solarisϵͳÏÂ²é¿´ÍøÂçÅäÖÃÐÅÏ¢

·¢²¼Ê±¼ä:2008-01-25 00:01:31À´Ô´:ºìÁª×÷Õß:document
×÷Ϊһ̨֧³ÖTCP/IPЭÒéÁ¬ÍøµÄ¹¤×÷Õ¾»ò·þÎñÆ÷£¬ËüµÄ»ù±¾ÍøÂçÅäÖÃÒ»°ã°üÀ¨ÏÂÁз½Ã棺±¾»úµÄIPµØÖ·¡¢×ÓÍøÑÚÂ롢ȷʡ·ÓÉ¡¢DNS¿Í»§¡£
(1) IPµØÖ·ºÍ×ÓÍøÑÚÂë
a) Åж¨Íø¿¨Ãû×Ö
UNIXϵͳ¿ÉÒÔÖ§³ÖÒ»¿é»ò¶à¿éÍø¿¨£¬Ã¿Ò»¿éÍø¿¨¶¼ÒªÅäÖÃIPµØÖ·ºÍ×ÓÍøÑÚÂë£¬Çø·ÖÕâÐ©Íø¿¨µÄ±êÖ¾¾ÍÊÇËüÃǸ÷×ÔµÄÃû×Ö£¬Íø¿¨Ãû×ÖËæ×ŲÙ×÷ϵͳ¡¢Íø¿¨ÀàÐ͵IJ»Í¬¶ø²î±ðºÜ´ó£¬ËùÒÔÎÒÃǵÚÒ»²½ÒªÈ·¶¨ÊÇ£¬ÐèÒªÅäÖõÄÍø¿¨Ãû×ÖÊÇʲô¡£
Ê×ÏȵǼµ½UNIXϵͳ£¬Ö´ÐÐÏÂÃæµÄÖ¸Á
% netstat -i <»Ø³µ>
Name Mtu Net/Dest Address Ipkts Ierrs Opkts Oerrs Collis Queue
lo0 8232 loopback localhost ÂÔ¡­ ¡­
le0 1500 192.1.1.0 sunspy ÂÔ¡­ ¡­
»ò
% ifconfig -a <»Ø³µ>
lo0: flags=849 mtu 8232
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask ff000000
le0: flags=863 mtu 1500
inet 192.1.1.2 netmask ffffff00 broadcast 192.1.1.255
ÆäÖУ¬"netstat -i"ÔÚ¶àÊýUNIX²Ù×÷ϵͳ϶¼¿ÉÒԳɹ¦µÄ·µ»ØÍø¿¨Ãû×Ö£¬¶ø"ifconfig -a"ÓÐÒ»¶¨µÄ¾ÖÏÞÐÔ£¬Ö»ÔÚSUN¹«Ë¾µÄSolarisϵͳÏ¿ÉÒÔ·µ»ØËùÓÐÍø¿¨Ãû×Ö¡£
ÔÚ·µ»Ø½á¹ûÖУ¬×î×ó±ßÒ»ÁÐÊÇÍø¿¨µÄÃû³Æ£º
lo0ÊÇÖ¸Ïò±¾»úµÄÐéÄâÍø¿¨£¬½Ð×öloopbackÍø¿¨£¬Óû§²»Ðè¶ÔËü½øÐÐÈκβÙ×÷¡£
le0Ö¸µÄÊǵÚÒ»¿é10MbpsÒÔÌ«Íø¿¨£¬ËüÕýÊÇÎÒÃÇÒª»ñµÃµÄÍø¿¨Ãû×Ö¡£
SUN¹¤×÷Õ¾»ò·þÎñÆ÷µÄÍø¿¨ÃüÃû¹æÔòÊÇÓÃle0¡¢le1¡¢le2¡­¡­·Ö±ð±íʾµÚÒ»¡¢¶þ¡¢Èý¿é10MbpsÒÔÌ«Íø¿¨£¬ÓÃhme0¡¢hme1¡¢hme2¡­¡­·Ö±ð±íʾµÚÒ»¡¢¶þ¡¢Èý¿é100MbpsÒÔÌ«Íø¿¨£¬ÆäËûµÄÈçATMÍø¿¨£¬ÐéÄâÍø¿¨µÈÕâÀï¾Í²»Ò»Ò»½éÉÜÁË¡£ÆäËû¹«Ë¾µÄ²úÆ·£¬ÈçIBM¡¢HP¡¢SGI¶¼ÓÐ×Ô¼ºµÄÃüÃû·½Ê½¡£

b) ÓÃifconfig ÅäÖÃIPµØÖ·ºÍ×ÓÍøÑÚÂë
ÀýÈ磬ÎÒÃÇÒªÅäÖõÄIPµØÖ·Îª162.105.130.100£¬×ÓÍøÑÚÂë255.255.255.0£¬ÔòÊ×ÏȱØÐëÒÔ³¬¼¶Óû§rootµÇ¼¡£È»ºó¼üÈëÒÔÏÂÖ¸Á
#ifconfig le0 162.105.130.100 netmask 255.255.255.0
ÕâÌõÖ¸ÁîµÄÄ¿µÄÊǽ«Íø¿¨le0µÄIPµØÖ·ÅäÖÃΪ162.105.130.100£¬×ÓÍøÑÚÂëÉèÖÃΪ255.255.255.0¡£
ÏÂÃæ½ÏÏêϸµØ½éÉÜifconfigÖ¸Á
Ö¸ÁîλÖãºÔÚ/usr/sbin/Ŀ¼Ï¡£
¹¦ÄÜ£ºÅäÖÃÍø¿¨²ÎÊý(±ØÐëÓɳ¬¼¶Óû§Ö´ÐÐ)¡£
Ö¸Áî¸ñʽ£ºifconfig interface [ address_family ]
[ address [ dest_address ] ] [ up ] [ down ]
[ netmask mask ] [ broadcast address ] [ mtu n ]
ÆäÖÐinterfaceÖ¸Íø¿¨Ãû×Ö£¬¼´ÃüÁîÐÐÖмüÈëµÄ"le0"£¬ÊÇÎÒÃÇÔÚÉÏÒ»²½Öè»ñµÃµÄÍø¿¨Ãû×Ö£¬ÓÉËüÖ¸¶¨Òª¶ÔÄÄ¿éÍø¿¨½øÐÐÅäÖá£
ÖÐÀ¨ºÅ[]ÀïÊÇ¿ÉÑ¡²ÎÊý£¬ÎÒÃÇÖ»Êǽ«±È½Ï³£ÓõIJÎÊýÁÐÁ˳öÀ´£º
address_familyÖ¸µØÖ·ÀàÐÍ£¬È·Ê¡Îªinet£¬¾ÍÊdz£ÓõÄIPµØÖ·£¬Òò´ËÕâÒ»Ïî¾­³£Ê¡ÂÔ£»
addressÊÇÐèÒªÅäÖõĵØÖ·£¬¶ÔÓÚÈ·Ê¡µÄinetÀàÐÍ£¬¾ÍÊÇIPµØÖ·£¬ÈçÃüÁîÐÐÖеÄ162.105.130.100£»
dest_addressÖ»ÔÚÅäÖÃSLIP²¦ºÅÁªÍøÊ±Ê¹Óã¬Ò»°ã²»ÓÃÅäÖã»
up/downÖ¸ÆôÓûò½ûÓÃÍø¿¨£»
netmask maskÊÇÒªÅäÖõÄ×ÓÍøÑÚÂ룬ÆäÖÐnetmaskΪ¹Ø¼ü×Ö£¬maskÔÚʵ¼ÊʹÓÃÊ±ÒªÌæ»»Îª×ÓÍøÑÚÂëµÄÄÚÈÝ£¬¾ßÌå¸ñʽÈ磺"netmask 255.255.255.0"£¬Ðí¶àÅäÖôíÎó¶¼ÊÇÒòΪ©µô¹Ø¼ü×Önetmask¶øÔì³ÉµÄ£¬ËùÒÔÌáÐÑ´ó¼ÒǧÍò×¢Ò⣻
broadcast addressÊÇÅäÖù㲥µØÖ·£¬ÆäÖÐbroadcastΪ¹Ø¼ü×Ö£¬addressÔÚʵ¼ÊʹÓÃÊ±ÒªÌæ»»Îª¹ã²¥µØÖ·µÄÄÚÈÝ£¬Ò»°ãÖ¸¶¨ÁË×ÓÍøÑÚÂ룬ϵͳ»á×Ô¶¯¼ÆËã¹ã²¥µØÖ·£¬Òò´Ë¹ã²¥µØÖ·ÕâÒ»ÏîÔÚÅäÖÃÊǾ­³£Ê¡ÂÔ£»
mtuÊÇ×î´ó´«Êäµ¥Ôª£¬ÆäÖУ¬mtuÊǹؼü×Ö£¬nÊÇÊý¾ÝÖ¡µÄ×î´óÔÊÐíÖµ(×î´ó´«Êäµ¥Ôª)£¬ÒÔÌ«Íø¿¨È·Ê¡Îª1500×Ö½Ú£¬²»ÐèÒªÓû§ÊÖ¹¤ÅäÖã»

c)²é¿´Íø¿¨¹¤×÷״̬
×î¼òµ¥µÄ·½Ê½ÊǼüÈËÖ¸Á
% ifconfig le0 <»Ø³µ>
le0: flags=863 mtu 1500
inet 162.105.130.100 netmask ffffff00 broadcast 162.105.130.255
Ê×ÏÈÎÒÃÇÒª¼ì²éÍø¿¨ÊÇUP»¹ÊÇDOWN£»¶ÔÓÚÒÔÌ«Íø¿¨£¬ÊÇ·ñ¹ã²¥(BROADCAST)·½Ê½£»×î´ó´«Êäµ¥Ôª(mtu)ÊǶàÉÙ£»Íø¿¨IPµØÖ·ÊÇ·ñÕýÈ·(162.105.130.100)£»×ÓÍøÑÚÂëÊÇ·ñÕýÈ·(Ê®Áù½øÖÆffffff00»»ËãΪʮ½øÖƼ´255.255.255.0)£»ÒÔ¼°¹ã²¥µØÖ·ÊÇ·ñÕýÈ·(162.105.130.255)¡£
Èç¹ûÏ£Íû½øÒ»²½·ÖÎöÍø¿¨¹¤×÷״̬£¬¿ÉÒÔ¼üÈëÏÂÃæÖ¸Á
% netstat -i
Name Mtu Net/Dest Address Ipkts Ierrs Opkts Oerrs Collis Queue
lo0 8232 loopback localhost 23769 0 23769 0 0 0
le0 1500 162.105.130.0 162.105.130.100 1269605 0 36394 1 56 0
ÎÒÃÇÐèÒª¹Û²ìµÄÊÇÍø¿¨le0µÄ״̬£¬×î´ó´«Êäµ¥Ôª1500£¬ÍøÂçµØÖ·ÊÇ162.105.130.100£¬IPµØÖ·ÊÇ162.105.130.100£¬½ÓÊÕµ½µÄIPÊý¾Ý°ü×ÜÊýΪ1269605£¬·¢Ë͵ÄIPÊý¾Ý°ü×ÜÊýΪ36394£¬1¸ö°ü³ö´í£¬³åÍ»°üÊýΪ56¡£¿É¼û£¬Íø¿¨¹¤×÷״̬»ù±¾Õý³£¡£

(2) È·Ê¡Íø¹Ø£º
a)
b)
c) ÓÃnetstat -r¼ì²éÈ·Ê¡Íø¹ØÊÇ·ñÅäÖÃÕýÈ·
¼üÈëÏÂÃæÖ¸Á
% netstat -r <»Ø³µ>
Routing Table:
Destination Gateway Flags Ref Use Interface
-------------------- -------------------- ----- ----- ------ ---------
localhost localhost UH 0 0 lo0
162.105.130.0 sunspy U 3 2 le0
BASE-ADDRESS.MCAST.NET sunspy U 3 0 le0
default 162.105.130.1 UG 0 182
(3) DNS¿Í»§¶Ë
nameserver 202.112.7.13
nameserver 202.112.7.12
nameserver 162.105.129.27
ÆäÖÐdomainºÍnameserverΪ¹Ø¼ü×Ö£¬ÄÚÈݸù¾ÝÐèÒªÌîд¡£
domain :ËùÔÚÓòµÄÓòÃû£¬µ±Óû§²éѯij¸öÖ÷»úÃûʱ£¬¸ÃÓòÃû»á×Ô¶¯¼ÓÔÚÖ÷»úÃûºóÃæ¡£
ÎÄÕÂÆÀÂÛ

¹²ÓÐ 0 ÌõÆÀÂÛ