1.修改源
sudoedit /etc/apt/sources.list
将内容替换为以下之一
#传说中的中国科技大学
deb ftp://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu dapper main restricted universe multiverse
deb ftp://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu dapper-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb ftp://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu dapper-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb ftp://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu dapper-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb ftp://debian.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu dapper-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
#传说中的北京交通大学
deb http://mirror.bjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ dapper main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirror.bjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ dapper-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirror.bjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ dapper-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirror.bjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ dapper-backports main restricted universe multiverse
#真正能用的清华大学的源
deb ftp://ftp3.tsinghua.edu.cn/mirror/ubuntu/ubuntu/ dapper main restricted universe multiverse
deb ftp://ftp3.tsinghua.edu.cn/mirror/ubuntu/ubuntu/ dapper-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb ftp://ftp3.tsinghua.edu.cn/mirror/ubuntu/ubuntu/ dapper-updates main restricted universe multiverse
#传说中的上海交通大学,听说现在硬盘挂了,曾经最热门的源之一
deb http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ dapper main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ dapper-backports main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ dapper-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ dapper-security main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ dapper-updates main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ dapper main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ dapper-backports main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ dapper-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ dapper-security main multiverse restricted universe
deb-src http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ dapper-updates main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/ubuntu-cn/ dapper main multiverse restricted universe
#传说中的兰州大学
deb ftp://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ dapper main multiverse restricted universe
deb ftp://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ dapper-backports main multiverse restricted universe
deb ftp://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ dapper-proposed main multiverse restricted universe
deb ftp://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ dapper-security main multiverse restricted universe
deb ftp://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/ubuntu/ dapper-updates main multiverse restricted universe
deb ftp://mirror.lzu.edu.cn/ubuntu-cn/ dapper main multiverse restricted universe
deb http://ubuntu.cn99.com/ubuntu/ dapper main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://ubuntu.cn99.com/ubuntu/ dapper-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://ubuntu.cn99.com/ubuntu/ dapper-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://ubuntu.cn99.com/ubuntu/ dapper-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://ubuntu.cn99.com/ubuntu-cn/ dapper main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ dapper main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ dapper-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ dapper-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ dapper-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://ubuntu.cn99.com/ubuntu-cn/ dapper main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirror.lupaworld.com/ubuntu/archive/ dapper main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirror.lupaworld.com/ubuntu/archive/ dapper-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirror.lupaworld.com/ubuntu/archive/ dapper-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirror.lupaworld.com/ubuntu/archive/ dapper-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirror.lupaworld.com/ubuntu/ubuntu-cn/ dapper main restricted universe multiverse
保存编辑好的文件
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade
(每行都以deb开头,不能换行,可能出问题。解决方法寻觅中……)
2.安装中文环境
sudo apt-get install language-pack-kde-zh language-pack-kde-zh-base language-pack-zh language-pack-zh-base language-support-zh
3.字体美化
sudo apt-get install ttf-arphic-ukai ttf-arphic-uming
4.安装输入法fcitx
(推荐fcitx,貌似scim会造成kde频繁崩溃)
sudo apt-get install fcitx
删除scim:sudo apt-get remove .*scim.* -y --force-yes
fcitx设置 删除不需要的输入法
sudo apt-get install xfonts-wqy
sudoedit /etc/fonts/conf.d/50-xfonts-wqy.conf
* 在文件中加入如下配置后,保存退出。(你也可以使用其他你喜爱的编辑器进行编辑。)
5.安装多媒体播放驱动
sudo apt-get install w32codecs libxine-extracodecs
6.安装最新的文泉驿字体
# 打开终端,执行以下命令,或使用《新立得软件管理器》,在其中搜索“xfonts-wqy“并标记安装。
sudo apt-get install xfonts-wqy
# 让系统支持点阵字体执行以下命令。
sudoedit /etc/fonts/conf.d/50-xfonts-wqy.conf
o 在文件中加入如下配置后,保存退出。(你也可以使用其他你喜爱的编辑器进行编辑。)
7.安装JAVA环境
sudo apt-get install sun-java5-jre
# 如果空间富裕,建议安装一个JDK。呵呵
sudo apt-get install sun-java5-jdk
设置当前默认的java解释器
sudo update-alternatives --config java
o 执行后会出现类似如下的画面:
There are 4 alternatives which provide `java'.
Selection Alternative
-----------------------------------------------
*+ 1 /usr/lib/jvm/java-gcj/jre/bin/java
2 /usr/bin/gij-wrapper-4.1
3 /usr/bin/gij-wrapper-4.0
4 /usr/lib/jvm/java-1.5.0-sun/jre/bin/java
Press enter to keep the default[*], or type selection number:
输入 有包含 "sun" 的行的前面的数字。如上面显示,则输入 4,然后回车确定。
8.安装Luma QQ
* 1.下载并安装
* 安装QQ需要先安装上一步的JAVA环境
wget -c http://download.ubuntu.org.cn/software/lumaqq_2005-linux_gtk2_x86_no_jre.tar.gz
sudo tar zxvf lumaqq_2005-linux_gtk2_x86_no_jre.tar.gz -C /opt/
wget -c http://download.ubuntu.org.cn/software/lumaqq_2005_patch_2006.02.02.15.00.zip
sudo unzip -o lumaqq_2005_patch_2006.02.02.15.00.zip -d /opt/LumaQQ/lib
sudo chown -R root:root /opt/LumaQQ/
sudo chmod -R 755 /opt/LumaQQ/
sudo gedit /usr/share/applications/LumaQQ.desktop
2.在新增的文件内加入下面这几行
[Desktop Entry]
Name=LumaQQ
Comment=QQ Client
Exec=/opt/LumaQQ/lumaqq
Icon=/opt/LumaQQ/QQ.png
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Categories=Application;Network;
3.保存编辑过的文件 安装完成后的快捷方式在(应用程序 -> Internat -> LumaQQ)。
9.安装英汉辞典
(不推荐ktranslator,没有字典库,需要导入)
* 如果出现需要输入[Y/n] 或 [y/N] 一律输入 y 并 回车
* Ubuntu
sudo apt-get install stardict stardict-common stardict-cdict-gb stardict-cedict-gb stardict-hanzim stardict-langdao-ce-gb stardict-langdao-ec-gb stardict-oxford-gb stardict-xdict-ce-gb stardict-xdict-ec-gb
10.安装浏览器的Flash支持(仅x86)
sudo apt-get install flashplugin-nonfree
11.更新内核(仅x86)
* 升级你的内核,让系统更快. 如果你的电脑是Intel芯片,则用如下命令:
sudo apt-get install linux-686
如果是AMD芯片,则使用:
sudo apt-get install linux-k7
12.网上邻居的中文目录的显示乱码,
sudo gedit /etc/samba/smb.conf 中的 [global] 段加上:
display charset = UTF-8
unix charset = UTF-8
dos charset = cp936
sudo cp /etc/gtk/gtkrc.zh_CN /etc/gtk/gtkrc.zh_CN.utf-8
13.安装koffice
sudo apt-get koffice
14.安装firefox
sudo apt-get firefox