说明：[Linux86]:Apache主机 [Linux87]:PHP主机 [Linux88]:MySQL主机
内部测试；需在windows下需要更改hosts文件解析到httpd的主机
例子中的hosts文件添加：172.16.251.86 www.Androidj.com
172.16.251.86 www.linux.com
1、Linux；操作系统；
2、Apache；网页服务器；
3、MariaDB或MySQL，数据库管理系统（或者数据库服务器）；
4、PHP、Perl或Python，脚本语言；
在编译安装之前我们需要先了解下它们之间分开的工作模式：
上图大致的标出Apache、php和mysql分离各自为单独服务器时的工作模式；下面就直接进行编译安装；首先准备好三个虚拟机。测试机版本：
[Linux86]#lsb_release -a
LSB Version: :base-4.0-amd64:base-4.0-noarch:core-4.0-amd64:core-4.0-noarch:graphics-4.0-amd64:graphics-4.0-noarch:printing-4.0-amd64:printing-4.0-noarch
Distributor ID: CentOS
Description: CentOS release 6.5 (Final)
Release: 6.5
Codename: Final
由于其中操作都是插入代码的；所以命令执行过程并没有把代码都贴出来，只贴出最后几行；
一、编译安装Apache2.4.9
1、解决依赖关系：
[Linux86]#yum grouplist
#
Installed Groups:
Additional Development
Base
Console internet tools
Desktop
Desktop Platform
Development tools #查看包组是否安装
Server Platform Development #查看包组是否安装
如未安装；请先安装这两个包组
#
[Linux86]#rpm -qa pcre-devel
pcre-devel-7.8-6.el6.x86_64
#
查看是否安装；未安装需事先安装
[Linux86]#ls
apr-1.5.0.tar.bz2 apr-util-1.5.3.tar.bz2 httpd-2.4.9.tar.bz2
[Linux86]#
#先安装apr包；解压后进入该目录
[Linux86]#pwd
/root/program/apr-1.5.0
[Linux86]#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr
config.status: executing default commands
config.status: include/apr.h is unchanged
config.status: include/arch/unix/apr_private.h is unchanged #没有报错就继续
[Linux86]#make && make install
/usr/bin/install -c -m 644 build/apr_rules.out /usr/local/apr/build-1/apr_rules.mk
/usr/bin/install -c -m 755 apr-config.out /usr/local/apr/bin/apr-1-config#没有报错就继续安装apr-util包
[Linux86]#
#解压进入目录
[Linux86]#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr/
config.status: creating test/Makefile
config.status: creating include/private/apu_config.h
config.status: executing default commands
[Linux86]#make && make install
/usr/bin/install -c -m 644 aprutil.exp /usr/local/apr-util/lib
/usr/bin/install -c -m 755 apu-config.out /usr/local/apr-util/bin/apu-1-config
[Linux86]#都以安装成功
2、编译Apache：
[Linux86]#rpm -qa httpd
httpd-2.2.15-29.el6.centos.x86_64
#
#系统自己本身已安装了httpd2.2版本的；这里编译2.4的；但是老版本不需要卸载；
#因为卸载后会造成依赖关系不稳定；且后续安装模块时还是会自动安装上的；
#编译是只要不指定到默认路径即可；确保安装前原来的是停止的；且关闭开启自动启动
#
#
[Linux86]#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache --sysconfdir=/etc/httpd24 --enable-so --enable-ssl --enable-cgi --enable-rewrite --with-zlib --with-pcre --with-apr=/usr/local/apr --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util --enable-modules=most --enable-mpms-shared=all --with-mpm=event --enable-proxy --enable-proxy-fcgi
参数可以通过./configure --help查看；开启自己需要的即可
#如没有报错直接下一步安装
[Linux86]#make && make install
mkdir /usr/local/apache/build
Installing man pages and online manual
mkdir /usr/local/apache/man
mkdir /usr/local/apache/man/man1
mkdir /usr/local/apache/man/man8
mkdir /usr/local/apache/manual
make[1]: Leaving directory `/root/program/httpd-2.4.9'#安装完成
[Linux86]#
3、配置Apache：
#由于之前的httpd没有卸载；那么可以cp一个启动脚本当目前的httpd脚本；更改下里面的参数
#
[Linux86]#cp /etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd /etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd24
[Linux86]#vi /etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd24
# Path to the apachectl script, server binary, and short-form for messages.
#以下几个变量定义为目前的路径；并在主配置文件中更改对应的值
achectl=/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl
httpd=${HTTPD-/usr/local/apache/bin/httpd}
prog=httpd
pidfile=${PIDFILE-/var/run/httpd/httpd.pid}
lockfile=${LOCKFILE-/var/lock/subsys/httpd24}
RETVAL=0
STOP_TIMEOUT=${STOP_TIMEOUT-10}
#修改主配置文件
[Linux86]#vi /etc/httpd24/httpd.conf
# same ServerRoot for multiple httpd daemons, you will need to change at
# least PidFile.
#
ServerRoot "/usr/local/apache"
pifile "/var/run/httpd/httpd.pid" #加一行pid文件路径；与脚本文件对应
#保存退出
[Linux86]#service httpd24 start
Starting httpd: [ OK ]
[Linux86]#ss -tnl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN 0 128 :::111 :::*
LISTEN 0 128 *:111 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 :::80 :::*
#80端口已监听
到这里Apache已编译安装完成了；也可以在浏览器输入IP地址测试下。
二、编译安装PHP
编译之前都是需要检查开发环境；需要安装的包是否都已安装
[Linux87]#rpm -qa bzip2-devel libmcrypt-devel libxml2-devel
libxml2-devel-2.7.6-14.el6.x86_64
bzip2-devel-1.0.5-7.el6_0.x86_64
libmcrypt-devel-2.5.8-9.el6.x86_64
[Linux87]#
#如未安装；需要先用yum安装上
1、这边是每个服务单独作为一个服务器；所以编译时与放在一台机器上是有分别的；而且也不需要先安装mysql；下面来直接编译PHP
[Linux87]#ls
php-5.4.26.tar.bz2 xcache-3.1.0.tar.bz2
[Linux87]#tar xf php-5.4.26.tar.bz2
[Linux87]#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --enable-fpm --with-config-file-path=/etc --with-config-file-scan-dir=/etc/php.d --with-libxml-dir=/usr --with-openssl --with-zlib --with-bz2 --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-freetype-dir --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --enable-sockets --with-mysql=mysqlnd --with-mysqli=mysqlnd --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd
#注意：--with-mysql几个选项都要为mysqlnd；因为mysql服务器单独为另一台机器
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
| License: |
| This software is subject to the PHP License, available in this |
| distribution in the file LICENSE. By continuing this installation |
| process, you are bound by the terms of this license agreement. |
| If you do not agree with the terms of this license, you must abort |
| the installation process at this point. |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
Thank you for using PHP.
出现上述字符就说明可以继续安装了；
[Linux87]#make && make install
Installing PEAR environment: /usr/local/php/lib/php/
[PEAR] Archive_Tar - installed: 1.3.11
[PEAR] Console_Getopt - installed: 1.3.1
warning: pear/PEAR requires package "pear/Structures_Graph" (recommended version 1.0.4)
warning: pear/PEAR requires package "pear/XML_Util" (recommended version 1.2.1)
[PEAR] PEAR - installed: 1.9.4
Wrote PEAR system config file at: /usr/local/php/etc/pear.conf
You may want to add: /usr/local/php/lib/php to your php.ini include_path
[PEAR] Structures_Graph- installed: 1.0.4
[PEAR] XML_Util - installed: 1.2.1
/root/program/php-5.4.26/build/shtool install -c ext/phar/phar.phar /usr/local/php/bin
ln -s -f /usr/local/php/bin/phar.phar /usr/local/php/bin/phar
Installing PDO headers: /usr/local/php/include/php/ext/pdo/
[Linux87]#
#到这里说明安装成功了；可能会有些报错说某些软件版本太低
2、下面配置PHP
配置php的配置文件
[Linux87]#cp php.ini-production /etc/php.ini
配置一个启动脚本
[Linux87]#cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm
给执行权限
[Linux87]#chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm
加入chkconfig
[Linux87]#chkconfig --add php-fpm
[Linux87]#chkconfig php-fpm on
[Linux87]#chkconfig --list php-fpm
php-fpm 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
[Linux87]#cd /usr/local/php/etc/
配置php-fpm配置文件
[Linux87]#cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf
更改配置文件
[Linux87]#vi php-fpm.conf
[global]
; Pid file
; Note: the default prefix is /usr/local/php/var
; Default Value: none
pid = run/php-fpm.pid #这项启用；下面几项对应的改为相应的值即可
;
pm.max_children = 50
; The number of child processes created on startup.
; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'dynamic'
; Default Value: min_spare_servers + (max_spare_servers - min_spare_servers) / 2
pm.start_servers = 5
; The desired minimum number of idle server processes.
; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'dynamic'
; Note: Mandatory when pm is set to 'dynamic'
pm.min_spare_servers = 3
; The desired maximum number of idle server processes.
; Note: Used only when pm is set to 'dynamic'
; Note: Mandatory when pm is set to 'dynamic'
pm.max_spare_servers = 8
#更改完成后启动：
[Linux87]#service php-fpm start
Starting php-fpm done
[Linux87]#ss -tunl | grep 9000
tcp LISTEN 0 128 127.0.0.1:9000 *:*
#由于php-rpm是监听在9000端口，查看启动正常
3、与Apache整合到一起
[Linux87]#vi /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
定位到listen；IP地址更改为别人可用访问进来的IP地址
; '/path/to/unix/socket' - to listen on a unix socket.
; Note: This value is mandatory.
listen = 172.16.251.87:9000
[Linux87]#service php-fpm restart
[Linux87]#ss -tnul | grep 9000
tcp LISTEN 0 128 172.16.251.87:9000 *:*
[Linux87]#
[Linux87]#cd /var/www/
[Linux87]#mkdir linux Androidj dark mydamin
#建立几个目录作为虚拟主机目录
4、配置Apache虚拟主机来使用PHP
到Apache主机上；找一个目录下面建立几个不同的目录作为虚拟主机目录；
[Linux86]#cd /usr/local/apache/
[Linux86]#mkdir -pv www/{linux,androidj,dark,myadmin}
编辑主配置文件；开启虚拟主机；关闭中心主机
[Linux86]#vi /etc/httpd24/httpd.conf
# DocumentRoot: The directory out of which you will serve your
# documents. By default, all requests are taken from this directory, but
# symbolic links and aliases may be used to point to other locations.
#
#DocumentRoot "/usr/local/apache/htdocs" 注释掉
# Virtual hosts
Include /etc/httpd24/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf #开启这项
#定位AddType；添加下面两行
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps
定位至DirectoryIndex
# DirectoryIndex: sets the file that Apache will serve if a directory
# is requested.
#
<IfModule dir_module>
DirectoryIndex index.php index.html #添加index.php
</IfModule>
定位到LoadModule
LoadModule proxy_module modules/mod_proxy.so #开启
#LoadModule proxy_connect_module modules/mod_proxy_connect.so
#LoadModule proxy_ftp_module modules/mod_proxy_ftp.so
#LoadModule proxy_http_module modules/mod_proxy_http.so
LoadModule proxy_fcgi_module modules/mod_proxy_fcgi.so #开启
#
[Linux86]#vi /etc/httpd24/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf 编辑虚拟主机
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerAdmin admin@linux.com
DocumentRoot "/usr/local/apache/www/linux" #指定Apache主机的站点目录
ServerName www.linux.com #指定主机名
ServerAlias linux.com #主机别名
ErrorLog "/usr/local/apache/logs/linux.error_log" #错误日志路径及名称
CustomLog "/usr/local/apache/logs/linux.access_log" combined #访问日志路径及名称
ProxyRequests Off #关闭正向代理
ProxyPassMatch ^/(.*\.php)$ fcgi://172.16.251.87:9000/var/www/linux/$1 #反向代理到PHP主机的站点目录
<Directory "/usr/local/apache/www/linux"> #目录的访问权限配置
Options none
AllowOverride none
Require all granted
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerAdmin admin@androidj.com
DocumentRoot "/usr/local/apache/www/androidj"
ServerName www.androidj.com
ServerAlias androidj.com
ErrorLog "/usr/local/apache/logs/androidj.error_log"
CustomLog "/usr/local/apache/logs/androidj.access_log" combined
ProxyRequests Off
ProxyPassMatch ^/(.*\.php)$ fcgi://172.16.251.87:9000/var/www/androidj/$1
<Directory "/usr/local/apache/www/androidj">
Options none
AllowOverride none
Require all granted
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>
5、测试
[Linux87]#cd /var/www/linux/
[Linux87]#vi index.php
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
#保存退出；
在浏览器输入虚拟主机中的主机名；
如上显示；就说明Apache和PHP已成功整合在一起了；在为PHP安装xcache加速器以提高性能
[Linux87]#ls
php-5.4.26 php-5.4.26.tar.bz2 xcache-3.1.0.tar.bz2
[Linux87]#tar xf xcache-3.1.0.tar.bz2
[Linux87]#cd xcache-3.1.0
[Linux87]#/usr/local/php/bin/phpize
Configuring for:
PHP Api Version: 20100412
Zend Module Api No: 20100525
Zend Extension Api No: 220100525
[Linux87]#
[Linux87]#./configure --enable-xcache --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config
[Linux87]#make && make install
#要复制/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20100525/这行内容
如之前没有/etc/php.d目录需先创建
[Linux87]#cp xcache.ini /etc/php.d/
[xcache-common]
;; non-Windows example:
extension = /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20100525/xcache.so 把前面路径加上
重启下php-fpmzaic
在此访问之前的测试页面
可以看到红色区域内已出现xcache和版本信息了。
三、配置MySQL
1、这里使用的是解压包；解压完成后直接配置即可使用
配置前先准备已下工作
[Linux88]#groupadd -r mysql
[Linux88]#useradd -r -g mysql -s /sbin/nologin mysql
#先创建一个逻辑卷；这里就不演示创建逻辑卷的过程了；逻辑卷也不是实验必须创建的；实验时可以不用创建
[Linux88]#df -Th
Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/sqlvg-lvsql ext4 9.9G 151M 9.2G 2% /Mysql/data
#
配置mysql
#解压到指定路径
[Linux88]#tar xf mysql-5.5.33-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
[Linux88]#cd /usr/local/
[Linux88]#ln -sv /usr/local/mysql-5.5.33-linux2.6-x86_64/ /usr/local/mysql
`/usr/local/mysql' -> `/usr/local/mysql-5.5.33-linux2.6-x86_64/'
[Linux88]#cd mysql
[Linux88]#chown -R root.mysql *
#初始化数据库；并指定其用户和data目录
[Linux88]#scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/Mysql/data
[Linux88]#ls /Mysql/data/
lost+found mysql mysql-bin.000001 mysql-bin.000002 mysql-bin.index performance_schema test
#没有报错并生成以上文件即可
[Linux88]#cp support-files/my-large.cnf /etc/my.cnf 配置一个配置文件
[Linux88]#vi /etc/my.cnf 更改已下配置选项；具体选项根据自己需要配置
# The MySQL server
[mysqld]
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
skip-external-locking
key_buffer_size = 256M
max_allowed_packet = 1M
table_open_cache = 256
sort_buffer_size = 1M
read_buffer_size = 1M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 4M
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 64M
thread_cache_size = 8
query_cache_size= 16M
# Try number of CPU's*2 for thread_concurrency
thread_concurrency = 4
datadir = /Mysql/data 新增一行
提供一个服务脚本
[Linux88]#cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
[Linux88]#chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
[Linux88]#chkconfig --add mysqld
[Linux88]#chkconfig mysqld on
[Linux88]#chkconfig --list mysqld
mysqld 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
[Linux88]#service mysqld start
Starting MySQL... [ OK ]
#启动成功后导出其他信息
[Linux88]#vi /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH
[Linux88]#ln -sv /usr/local/mysql/include/ /usr/include/mysql
`/usr/include/mysql' -> `/usr/local/mysql/include/'
[Linux88]#
[Linux88]#vi /etc/man.config
定位到MANPATH
#
MANPATH /usr/man
MANPATH /usr/share/man
MANPATH /usr/local/man
MANPATH /usr/local/share/man
MANPATH /usr/X11R6/man
MANPATH /usr/local/mysql/man #添加一行
#
[Linux88]#echo /usr/local/mysql/lib/ > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf
2、配置MySQL整合PHP
[Linux88]#mysql
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version: 5.5.33-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>use mysql 授权表
mysql> select user,host,password from user;
+------+-----------------------+----------+
| user | host | password |
+------+-----------------------+----------+
| root | localhost | |
| root | localhost.localdomain | |
| root | 127.0.0.1 | |
| root | ::1 | |
| | localhost | |
| | localhost.localdomain | |
+------+-----------------------+----------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> update user set password = password ('you_passwd') where user='root';
#更改user表中所有用户为root的密码
mysql> drop user ''@'localhost.localdomain'; 删除一些无用的账户；以保证安全性
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 4 Changed: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> select user,host,password from user; 显示user的信息；
+------+-----------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| user | host | password |
+------+-----------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| root | localhost | *4B78DCD8C21610F21CBEA871E687A33647CF8EE4 |
| root | localhost.localdomain | *4B78DCD8C21610F21CBEA871E687A33647CF8EE4 |
| root | 127.0.0.1 | *4B78DCD8C21610F21CBEA871E687A33647CF8EE4 |
+------+-----------------------+-------------------------------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
#下面的较为重要；这是授权PHP主机可以访问的
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'172.16.251.87' identified by 'you passwd';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> select user,host,password from user;
+------+-----------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| user | host | password |
+------+-----------------------+-------------------------------------------+
| root | localhost | *4B78DCD8C21610F21CBEA871E687A33647CF8EE4 |
| root | localhost.localdomain | *4B78DCD8C21610F21CBEA871E687A33647CF8EE4 |
| root | 127.0.0.1 | *4B78DCD8C21610F21CBEA871E687A33647CF8EE4 |
| root | 172.16.251.87 | *4B78DCD8C21610F21CBEA871E687A33647CF8EE4 |
+------+-----------------------+-------------------------------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> flush privileges; 更新
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>
到此以完成授权；下面就整合测试WordPress和phpmyadmin。
四、测试LAMP
1、先测试在php主机上是否可以连接mysql
[Linux87]#vim index.php
<?php
$link = mysql_connect('172.16.251.88','root','you_passwd');
if($link)
echo "Success...";
else
echo "Failed....";
mysql_close;
phpinfo();
?>
~
能看到左上角有Success说明连接成功；也可以停止mysql服务测试看下。
2、配置phpmyadmin
在Apache和php主机对应的目录下下载这两个软件包
[Linux87]#pwd
/var/www/myadmin
[Linux87]#ls
phpMyAdmin-4.0.5-all-languages.zip
[Linux87]#
#这是两台不同主机；一个Apache；一个PHP
[Linux86]#pwd
/usr/local/apache/www/myadmin
[Linux86]#ls
phpMyAdmin-4.0.5-all-languages.zip
[Linux86]#
[Linux87]#unzip phpMyAdmin-4.0.5-all-languages.zip
[Linux87]#mv phpMyAdmin-4.0.5-all-languages/* ./
上面的操作都是需要两台机器一样操作的；
#需要连接数据库的操作在PHP主机上操作即可
[Linux87]#cp config.sample.inc.php config.inc.php
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['auth_type'] = 'cookie';
/* Server parameters */
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['host'] = '172.16.251.88'; #这个更改为mysql服务地址
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['connect_type'] = 'tcp';
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['compress'] = false;
/* Select mysql if your server does not have mysqli */
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['extension'] = 'mysqli';
$cfg['Servers'][$i]['AllowNoPassword'] = false;
配置完成后登陆测试
Linux下编译安装LAMP并分离为多台服务器Linux下编译安装LAMP并分离为多台服务器
测试登陆成功。
3、配置WordPress博客
同phpmyadmin配置一样；两台主机都需同样的代码存放于对应的目录下
[Linux86]#pwd
/usr/local/apache/www/soul
[Linux86]#ls
wordpress-3.8.1-zh_CN.tar.gz
[Linux86]#
#
[Linux87]#pwd
/var/www/soul
[Linux87]#ls
wordpress-3.8.1-zh_CN.tar.gz
[Linux87]#
[Linux87]#tar xf wordpress-3.8.1-zh_CN.tar.gz
[Linux87]#chmod -R 777 wordpress
[Linux87]#mv wordpress/* ./
[Linux87]#cp wp-config-sample.php wp-config.php
[Linux87]#vi wp-config.php 更改已下几项；
define('DB_NAME', 'wpdb'); #数据库名称
define('DB_USER', 'wpuser'); #用户名称
define('DB_PASSWORD', 'wppass'); #密码
define('DB_HOST', '172.16.251.88'); #数据库主机
上述配置了数据库的账户信息；需要在数据库进行授权；
1234567891011
[Linux88]#mysql -uroot -p
mysql> use mysql
Database changed
mysql> create database wpdb; #创建wpdb数据库
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> grant all privileges on wpdb.* to 'wpuser'@'172.16.251.87' identified by 'wppass'; #授权wpdb数据库可以访问MySQL
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> flush privileges; #更新
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Linux下编译安装LAMP并分离为多台服务器Linux下编译安装LAMP并分离为多台服务器Linux下编译安装LAMP并分离为多台服务器Linux下编译安装LAMP并分离为多台服务器
注：以上图片上传到红联Linux系统教程频道中。
测试一切都是正常的；数据库也是更新正常的。到此LAMP以编译安装完成。虚拟主机还可以添加多个。这里就不一一测试；主要就是在数据库连接时需要指定主机；而且数据库上需要授权访问。