一、环境配置
1、服务端：CentOS release 5.3 IP：222.73.115.198
2、客服端：CentOS release 5.8 IP：192.168.4.244
二、配置SSH无密码登录需要3步：
1、生成公钥和私钥
2、导入公钥到认证文件,更改权限
3、测试
三、客户端配置
1、在客户端生成私钥与公钥；
# ssh-keygen
[root@jw02 ~]# ssh-keygen
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa): #回车（代表无需密码登陆）
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): #回车
Enter same passphrase again: #回车
Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa. #代表私钥
Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub. #代表公钥
The key fingerprint is:
04:45:0b:47:10:92:0c:b2:b9:d7:11:5b:49:05:e4:d9 root@jw02
[root@jw02 ~]# ls ~/.ssh/
id_rsa id_rsa.pub known_hosts
2、默认在 ~/.ssh或者/root/.ssh/目录生成两个文件：
公钥为：id_rsa.pub
私钥为：id_rsa
三、服务器的配置
1、将客户端的公钥id_rsa.pub复制到服务器/home/ken/.ssh/authorized_keys；
[root@mon .ssh]# cd
[root@mon ~]# cd /home/ken/.ssh/
[root@mon .ssh]# ll
total 12
-rw-r--r-- 1 ken ken 1192 Feb 5 13:17 authorized_keys
-rw-r--r-- 1 ken ken 5720 Feb 5 14:03 known_hosts
[root@mon .ssh]# vim authorized_keys
ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAABIwAAAQEAu3FLhX1VlMQvuxVq8RAfdYEZwYwvorJN/iYkZXOz/itUB6OhO+oIUCcyvaSEHVVOeaPlmcau8HtuBp1V2SmwVl8LpRNYRgeUkSnQKFbjm7z2ALkuL4wAuCC8dcoEflzAOysZfjxoF2h1jPl2pwPd2CWlmPcN5l1kjhpQGJHzgfkkrsC2VR4KJkeqGVckdaKTvBdwElKrwugQhBllWkhsHq+xfoHoQz3n+Jjclpf0vN4z5WRq5+x68akYEG2Sm1s+iYYxO0oOoCJNSEQY7wz1U5q84kwG+0tnPfZDNwIa3ImrEiq6eqdZ5L/rZzht+Hv95t3K39TUKNRbiXXaW+1LsQ== root@localhost.localdomain
ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAABIwAAAQEAwO3o13oscFLnBlzFGPLNkJVNQd1LW2ff/EG0CFjZmw5e2ClqW1YV9fcrPMG4ifmXwmmuF8Ns9WcQAQU/S6RfKHytwHvgpNCeOamzkcfVchHLunk1IDsW3eWARBhKxxdK4pOatPJzcsGtdrBl/ba7W6Z6uYVMlgQzQK7hxI4gXyh6jxvn4gIJZTBvhfMCM1oki+eA38qZZ6zdCfjDc617kHeINQRkSIaUxikReL8X7RigiBPACohfNzKtImZca2oO5EHtDv1b4GuUMFwYSa//EMcwDug9pMQ2LMrOSxgWBokZxq3r/7bybZT+9eGvnwNYoZSej0/qq8A43rhnhXF4pQ== root@dev
ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAABIwAAAQEA17tmVraR6bpJXZVw7RH+uW3DjVRCv5itVP/9lgO2JePNwqPEy+SShZrlbjq/umziaEow5OrgYHWxlf2V1cqKhk2TR4y9ZD9B5lQTHudZO4I+JMV7wU/oEdBNl5S5RzYOIds6PnGUAEqmeCSLu3ozWZq0vDTokoLo41IdcgcLR1sqTOOViBP6oJKT5gG3ws96oe3c0s9irhuzAVE3zV3sptldRBDLKJSB+oXgpugE1WTEi6mGuNVgQc3VRZEWKNyAizVUJprGEZ2nBTeJGJb6NPRFcoNs9OdLpeSEXN/HsRLaMfJ6QMWC90azmmrDFm5BSxqntr+q6DVGGFILQWmPMw== root@jw02
[root@mon .ssh]#
2、如果没有这个目录的话，则# mkdir -p /root/.ssh
3、更改文件夹以及文件权限
[root@jw02 ~]#chmod 700 ~/.ssh
[root@jw02 ~]#chmod 600 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
4、重新启动SSH服务
[root@jw02 ~]# service sshd restart
四、测试
[root@jw02 script]# sftp -oPort=511190 ken@222.73.115.198
Connecting to 222.73.115.198...
sftp>
如果没有输入密码的提示就是成功了！
作者：kuangling
