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　　相信大多数人在安装Linux时遇到的第一个难题，就是Linux不认你的显卡。而显卡安装不正确或胡乱选一个驱动程序安上则难以进入X Window。即使勉强进去了，因为分辨率太低，桌面上的文字和图片都放大了好几倍，仍无法使用。我的Linux是Red Hat，显卡是Trident Blade 3D，属于Linux不认识之列。于我是四处找资料，经过一段时间的摸索，终于成功地安装了显卡驱动。现在我就把经验写出来，好让大家都能顺利进入X Window，领略Linux的风采。

　　一、下载驱动程序

　　首先要找到显卡for Linux的驱动程序。现在绝大多数的3D显卡都已有了for Linux的驱动程序，可到各显卡厂商的主页或Linux的相关站点上去寻找。我找到的驱动程序名为XF86_SVGA，文件格式是tar.gz，是Linux的压缩文件。需要说明的是，我的XFree86服务器下的显示模块有XF86_MONO、XF86_VGA16、XF86_SVGA等类型，在安装显卡时，服务器根据显卡的情况来加载不同的显示模块，如果显示模块加载不正确，显卡就不能正常显示。XF86_SVGA能支持256色或更高位的色彩，我们的3D显卡就靠它了。

　　二、文件解压

　　由于下载的是压缩文件，就需要进行解压缩，可以在Linux下用tar命令解压，也可在Windows下用Winzip将文件解压到硬盘的任意目录下（我将文件解压到C:\win98\TEMP目录下），不熟悉Linux命令的人最好在Windows下解压，可以省去许多麻烦。

　　三、装载磁盘驱动器

　　Linux需要装载磁盘驱动器才能读取文件，装载的方法详见《电脑报》2000年35期19版的《在Linux中共享Windows系统资源（上）》一文。启动Linux后，在字符界面下输入“mount －t vfat /dev/hda1 /mnt/winc”命令，将C盘装载到Linux下。需要注意的是，如果大家在上一步选择的是在Linux下解压，就得先进行装载磁盘驱动器这一步，再进行文件的解压缩，步骤刚好颠倒过来。

　　四、拷贝文件

　　将XF86_SVGA文件拷贝到/usr/X11R6/bin目录下。注意，这是针对Red Hat版本来说，其它版本的路径不一定相同。我用的命令是“cp /mnt/winc/win98/TEMP/XF86_SVGA /usr/X11R6/bin”(大家可根据自己的情况灵活掌握，关键是路径一定要正确，还要分清字母的大小写)。如果系统提示有同名文件，问是否覆盖，一定要选择“y”。这些旧文件可能是以前安装显卡时加载的，对我们没有实际用处。这里再告诉大家一个小窍门，在输入文件名的时候，输完XF86后按一下Tab键，再接着输SVGA，下划线_就可以出来了，按键盘上的下划线键是没用的，切记。

　　五、配置显卡

　　文件拷贝完成后，输入Xconfigurator，启动显卡配置程序。我在显卡列表中仍然没有找到Trident Blade 3D，于是选最后一个选项“Unlist”，然后选择加载的显示模块为SVGA，再选择显示器型号、显存大小、刷新频率，选定16位色、800×600的分辨率。一切就绪，X服务器开始检测，十几秒钟后，检测完毕，X服务器再没有像以往那样给出出错信息。我迫不及待键入startx，不一会儿，X Window蓝色的桌面终于呈现在我的面前。

　　总结：在Linux下安装显卡驱动程序，首先要下载显卡支持Linux的驱动程序，再将其拷贝到/usr/X11R6/bin目录下，然后启动显卡配置程序进行配置即可。

　　除了上述的方法外，还有一种更直接的办法，就是升级XFree86的版本，可到其主页http://www.xfree86.org下载最新的版本4.0.1，稳定版是3.3.2。新版本可支持更多的硬件设备，不过，你要首先到主页上查看相关说明，确定新版本是否支持你的显卡。

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